Combined coffee roaster and percolator



f Aug.v 3, 1843. a. I :KAYDEN i I 2,325,634 COUBINBD COFFEE ROASTBR kPERGOLA'I'OR origin; rusa my. J1, 195s' 2 sheets-.sheet 1 INVENTOR l USZaVeL. Kayden drinnen-Lined Feb. '1. 195s 2 sheets-sheet 2 `INVEN-roR y Gustave L. Hayden ORNEY Patented Aug. 3, 19.43

COMBINED corran noas'rnn AND raacom'ron Gustave L. meen, woeamere, N. Y.

substituted for abandoned application serial No. 253,970, February l', 1939. This application- June 7, 1941, serial No. 397,123

i 9 Cllms. This invention relates to apparatus for roasting coffee' and for making or brewing liquid cof- .vise apparatus to roast whole coffee beans, then to grind said beans, and thereafter'to brew the coffee from thethus ground and roasted coiee.

- Such apparatus for roasting and grinding the (ci. ssa-s) raw coffee beans necessitates the transfer of the ground coffee to means wherein the coffee is percolated, and has consequently involved cumbersome, expensive and'unwieldly mechanism.

My invention obviates these difllculties and results in a comparatively simple apparatus by the use of the simple expedient of supplying the raw coffee in a ground state instead of the whole bean to the apparatus, which roasts'the thus ground raw codee and immediately thereafterbrews the coffee while the thus roasted coffee q remains in the roaster and without the necessity 4 for transferring the roasted cofiee from yone point to another.

My invention further contemplates the pro-.-

Fig. 3 is a Similar view of the same with the entire cover and roasting compartment removed and showing the coil'ee pot resting on its heater. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top plan view of a portion of the water heater.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevation of the apparatus with the door of the roasting compartmentopen to expose the roaster to view.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the water container as it appears when removed from 'its heater stand and an ordinary cover substituted for the roaster compartment cover.

In the practical embodiment of the invention shownby way of example, the pot or watercontainer` I9 may be of any convenient type provided with the spout I I and the handle I2. Preferably, one side of the pot is concaved as at I3 to provide the motor-receiving space I4 between said side and the top semi-circular portion I5 of the handle. The pot I0 is intended to be supplied with `cold Water in the desired amount. During the time required for boiling the water, for roasting the coffee, and for percolating water through the roasted coffee, the pot is covered by the combined roasting compartment and cover I6.

vision of means and a methodfor simultane-v ouslyvagitating and roasting the raw ground coifee -to the desired brownness and for brewing the coifee liquid from the freshly roasted coii'ee and without loss of any of the violate and fugitive essence and flavors of the coffee.

My invention further contemplates the provision of simple and eiilcient apparatus for roasting raw ground coffee without loss of the volatile ingredients thereof while bringing water to a boil so that the water .boils at the same time that the roasting is finished, and immediately after the roasting operation has been completed, part of the boiling water is used to percolate the coffee automatically, the apparatus conducting the percolate back to the re- I mainder of the boiling water to brew the coffee.

My invention further contemplates the pro-l vision of apparatus for brewing and roasting raw ground coffee, the apparatus being adapted to be so timed that the coffee percolating opera-- tion follows immediately after'the completion of the roasting operation automatically and without any necessity of any action on the part of an operator, which apparatus may be readily operated by unskilled persons and results in a perfect coffee equal or superior in flavor to that brewed Vby expert coffee makers.

The various objects of the invention will be clear from 'the description which follows an 4from the drawings, in which,

Fig. l'is a vertical section of myinvention.

For-boiling the water in the pot, I prefer to provide the heating unit I1, made generally in the form of a plate on which the pot Ill may be removably placed. Said unit includes the member I8 made of suitable heat and electric insulating material and supported by suitable cushioning legs or knobs I9. The heating element 20 is suitably supported above the insulating member I8 and receives current through the wires 2I and 22 (Fig. 4) which are connected to a corresponding pair of prong terminals 23, 2l adapted to removably receive a socket plug car-A rying current from a suitable electric circuit.

The heating element heats a suitable heat-conducting member 25 preferably in the form of a plate which also serves to support the pot. Said member 25 may.- therefore, be used independently of the pot as a cooking utensil for prepar.

ing other articles of food requiring heat. It will be understood, however, that any suitable means may be employed to heat the pot, though I prefer to use the heater I1 because the heat delivered thereby is substantially uniform and the` boiling time of a given quantity of the water in the pot can therefore be determined within a close approximation.

The electric motor 26, preferably of the lowspeed type, is suitably. supported on the heater stand I1'. Power is supplied to the motor by the I wires 2|, 22 which also supply current to the heater. As shownin Fig. 4, a suitable terminal 21 is connected to the wire 22 and a second terminal as 28 is connected to the wire 2l. The short wires 29 and 30 lead from the respective `tating mechanism.

` and may be of generally cylindrical shape.

shown in Fig. 1, the roaster comprises the en d`A terminals 21 and 28 to the terminals of the motor. An additional wire as 3| leads from the wire 29 to one terminal as 32 of the socket plug 33, a second wire as 34 leading from the wire 39 to the other terminal 35 of said socket plug,

which is suitably supported by the heater stand Supported by the end cap 45 is the commutator, designated generally by the numeral 55, said commutator comprising the stationary member 56 of insulating material suitably secured to the The combined roasting compartment and pot vcover I6 includes the lowermost ilange 36 adapted to enter inside oi' the pot and terminating in a lowermost atedge. The compartment I 6. and l its contents may thereby be readily lifted o the l pot and placed onga suitable supporting surface such as a table or the like when th roasting compartment is not in use, said iiat edge supporting the compartment in its proper position g without disturbing the interior roasting and agi- A horizontal flange as A31 on the roasting compartment engages the bead 38 at the top` of the pot and maintains the compartment in its proper position relatively to the pot when the compartment is in use., 'Ihe roasting compartment is open 'for part of its top and frontf the opening being normally closed as by means oi thecover 39A hinged as by means of the hinges 40 to the rear part of the compartment. Simple means such as a suitable hand-operated latch of the usual type: (not shown) may be provided for [holding the cover 39 in its proper closed position during the roasting operation, said cover, however, being readily opened to permit access to the roaster and to the interior of the roasting compartment and to permit inspection of the progress of the roasting operation when desired (see Fig. 5). 'I'he entire. roasting compartment and cover I6 may readily be lifted oil the pot by grasping the compartment at the door 39.

Upright side walls as 4I and 42 are provided on the roasting compartment. said walls serving to support the roaster 43 and its operating mechanism. Said roaster 43 is removably and rotatably mounted Within the roaster compartment As caps 44 and 45. which are frictionally mounted on the respective end portions 46. 41 of a suitable cylinder which is cut away at spaced areas of its mid-portion to expose the cylindrical wire mesh member 48 enclosed by said cylinder. The

' v cap 44 isconcaved at substantially its central part as 49 to provide the water inlet compartment 58 between said part 49 and the outer cap portion 5I. Secured to the portion 49 and extending inwardly into theinterior of the roaster are one or more tubes as 52 provided with slits as 53 1 face of the commutator member 56.

Wall 42. On the inner face of said member is the terminal 51. which is connected to the wire 58 leading to a terminal of the pronged plug' 59 carried by the base or the roaster compartment. Said plug is provided with suitable prongs 60 designed to enter the socket plug 33 and to form an ,electric connection therebetween when the L roaster compartment is set on the potvinto its operative position. From the-other terminal of the plugv 69 extends the lead 6i which is connected to the second terminal 62 on the outer Said terminal 62 engages the rotatable inner member 63 of the commutator while the terminal 51 engages the outer rotatable member 64, said members 63 and 64 being separated by the insulating lring 65. The member 64 also carries the electric :heater 66 of any suitable type, but here shown as cylindricalin form and covered with a heatconducting material not affected by water'and not likely to become distorted or to crack. The terminals 61 and 68 of the heater are respec.

tively connected to the inner and youter commu-l tator members 63 and 64 so that the resistance element of vsaid heater receives current continuously during the rotation of the roaster and the 4consequent rotation of the heater. The end cap 46 of the roaster is secured to the commutator lmember 64, a suitable insulating member Abeing .interposed therebetween.

-In order to rotate the commutator and therel ,through to rotate the heater and the roaster,

rand ts into a correspondingly shaped hole in the commutator member 63. It will thus be seen that when the roaster compartment is set in place on the pot I0, the hexagonal shaft 1i engages the hexagonal hollow Wall of the driven shaft 1i),l while at the same time a suitable electric connection is made between the plugs 59 and 33 so that when current is supplied to the terminalsy 23,' 24,

the motor is rotated and through the reduction gear unit 69, rotates the roaster 43. The element .i 26 of the heater 'stand is also energized when the .are provided for timing the roasting and waterboiling operations so that both are-completed at the same time.

and communicating with the Water compartment 50. Secured to the cylindrical mesh member `4i! at spaced intervals are a series of narrow radially arranged agitating vanes 54, said vanes serving to agitate the raw ground coffee byr picking up and raising portions thereof above the heater as the roaster rotates, for the purpose of Obtaining uniform roasting.

Suitable means are also provided for percolating the raw ground coilee inserted into the roaster. Said means consists of the percolator pile 13 terminating in the usual base 14 whichis provided with openings or notches whereby water may enter the pipe. Said pipe extends through the opening 15 of the roaster cover i6 and into the preferably cylindrical percolator member 16 which terlminates in the glass cap 11 through which the percolating operation may be inspected. A shelf as 18 between the ends of the percolator member 16 surrounds the percolator pipe and largely prevents water discharged from the pipe 16 from going back into the pot.

Means are also provided for conducting the y boiling water from the percolator member into the interior of the roaster. Said means comprises the rod 19 mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in the tube 69 projecting from the percolator member 16 and through the wall 4I of the roasting compartment. Said-rod is provided with a longitudinal opening 9i therein, communicating with the interior of the percolator member 16 through the radial holes 62 of the rod. The rod 19 terminates in a reduced preferably conical portion 83 entering the opening 84 in the outer ,member 5| of the roaster cap 44and thereby revolubly supporting the left end of the roaster, as viewed inFlg. 1. From the left end of the rod 19 projects the reduced rod portion 95 terminating in the knob 96. Said portion 85 is slidably mountled in the bushing 81 projecting from the percolator member 16. A suitable washer as P9 prevents leakage of water out of the percolator member and around the rod portion 65.v Interposed bepot or water container and the required quantity of water inserted thereinto. 'I'he roasting compartment when so removedmay be set on a table for easy access to the interior thereof. yThe door 39 is'then opened andthe knob 9,3 pulled toward the left, thereby releasing the roaster 43. Said roaster is then easily removed from the roasting compartment and the cap 44 thereof removed.

- The desired quantity of raw ground coffee is now inserted into the roaster and the cap 44 replaced Such 'setting of the roaster compartmentin place tween the bushing 61 and the left end of the rod Y 19 is the spring 69 which serves to urge said rod toward the right into its proper operative engagepreferably interposed between the unreduced end of the rod 19 and the wall 5I for preventing leakage of water out of the water compartment r5l).

In order that the roasting operation may bel readily visible as it progresses, and so as to determent with the roaster. A second washer as 99 is mine the degreeto which the raw ground coffee is being roasted, a transparent member 9| is secured in the-opening 92 of the mesh member 46 of the roaster as by means 4of the holder 93 therefor. Said holder is made in the form of a scoop, so that during the rotation thereof, some of the browned or roasted ground coffee `enters between said member 93and the transparent member 9| and is carried upwardly to the top of the roaster compartment during the rotation of the roaster and then dropped to mingle with the remaining coffee. When the door 39 is opened (Fig. 5), the ground coffee taken up by the scoop may be inspected to determine whether or not the roasting operation has been completed and how it is progressing.

The amount of current supplied to the heater 66 may be controlled by any suitable means so as to determine the relative time of the roasting operation and the boiling of the water in the pot. It is of course desirable that the roasting operation be completed just as the water in the pot begins to boil. For this purpose a rheostat as 95 is interposed inthe line 58'. Said rheostat is provided with an indicator 96 designed to be turned to indicate numerals on a suitable indicia plate 91 on the stationary part of the rheostat. Turning of the pointer serves to reduce or increase the current supplied to the heater 66. The selected point of the indicator plate depends on the strength of coffee to be made, the degree of roasting required and the quantity of water in the pot. It will be obvious that by increasing or decreasing the roastin'g time as by suitable manipulation of the rheostat, said time may be made to correspond precisely to the time necessary for boiling the water so that both operations may be completed simultaneously or nearly so. The operator will soon become familiar with the propstrength of coffee desired.

In operation, the cover 39`being closed, the, entire roaster compartment is removed from the y connects the plugs 59 and 33 and completes the connections to the cominutator and tothe'heater. When current is now supplied tothe terminals 2 3, 24 by a suitable plug, the motor 26 begins its rotation and current is also supplied to the heat'- er 66 and to the heating' element 20. Said heatin'g element begins to heat the water in the pot while the heater 66 begins to heat theV coffee in the roaster while at the same time the motor 26 through the reduction gearing 69, rotates the roaster comparatively slowly. 'I'he vanes 54 at this time pick up small quantities of coffee and agitate the co'ee, preventing it from remaining at the bottom of the roaster, some of the coffee entering and leaving the scoop compartment 94 at each complete rotation of the roaster.

When the water in the pot begins to boil, the

Yboiling water enters the percolator member 16 and also passes through the openings 82 into the opening 8|` and therethrough enters the roaster and percolates the coffee, which has in the meantime been roasted to the desired color. Said color may be inspected during the roasting operation by opening the door 39 and viewing the coffee in the compartment 94. If the coffee is not brown-enough, the rheostat 95 is operated to increase the current to the heater 66. If the coiee is too dark before the water begins to '.boil, the rheostat'95 isoperated to decrease or cut off the heat to said heater. After the coffee has been percolated, the percolate passes through the mesh member 49 and mixes with the water of the pot to complete the brewing of the coffee. During the percolating operation, the color of the liquid coffee may be readily inspected through the transparent member 11.

When the coffee has been completely brewed, the roasting compartment I6 is removed from the pot and an ordinary cover as |90 (Fig. 6) substituted therefor. 'I'he plug may remain connected to the terminals 23, 24 if desired to keep the coffee hot until consumed or said plug may be removed. The pot may bereadily lifted off the heating stand I1 and away from the motor 26 'er setting of the rheostat for the quantity and and the coffee poured. l'l'.he roaster 43 Vmay be readilycleaned and the coffee grounds removed/ therefrom on the removal of the cap 44 while the pot I9 is being' used or at any time after the coffee is brewed;

It will be understood that, ii' desired, separateA switches (not shown) may be interposed in any of the electric lines to the heaters and motor so that operation ofeach may be individually controlled. Such switches being well known, no illustration thereof is deemed necessary. It will also be understood that heat may be supplied-to the p'ot and to the roaster in various ways which The cover 39 is now agitator means therefor may assume various forms and that many changes from the structure herein illustrated may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

AWhile, thereforefI have shown and described a specific illustrative embodiment of my invention, I donot wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, but desire to claim my invention as broadly as may be permitted by the state of the prior art and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: f

1. In apparatus oi'- the character described, container means for agitating and roasting raw ground coffee including heating means, a water container below the container means, means for heating the water container, means for adjusting one of said heating means relatively to the other heating means so that the water in the container begins to boil at the same time that the roasting of the coffee in the container means is completed, and means communicating with the container means and the water container for percolating the roasted coffee in the container means.

2. In coffee roasting and making apparatus, a water container, a removable combined roasting compartment and cover for the container, a

roaster in the compartment, said roaster being adapted to receive raw ground coffee and having openings therein of insufficient size to permit the passage of the raw ground coffee therethrough, an electric heater for the roaster, a commutator for the heater, revoluble coffee agitating means in the roaster, means for rotating the agitating means and the heater, and percolator means communicating with the container and the roaster to conduct boiling water from the container to the roaster.

3. In coffee roasting and making apparatus, a watercontainer, means for heating said container including a plate removably supporting the container, a motor carried by the heating- 4. In coffee roasting and making apparatus,

a. water container, a combined roasting compartment and cover for the'container, a roaster in the compartment, an electric heater for 'the roaster, percolator means communicating with the container and the roaster to conduct boiling water from the container to the roaster, heating meansfor the container, and means to adjust the relative heating effect of the container-heating meansand the master-heating means to bring thewater in the container to a boil at the same time that the roasting of the coffee in the roaster is completed.

5. In coffee roasting and making apparatus, a container for lground raw coffee comprising a cylindrical metallic screen,.and a pair of end closure caps for said screen, heating means within the roaster, means for rotating the roaster and the said heating means, means for removably supporting the roaster, and percolator will now be obvious, that the roaster and the l means passing through the supporting means` for condi'ifting boiling water to the interior of the screen. I

6. Incoffee roasting and making apparatus, a water container, a cover for said container comprising a roaster compartment, a.revoluble perforate roaster removably carried by said cover in said compartment, a door on the cover adjacent the roaster, said door being adapted to be opened to provide access to the roaster, a heaterv for said roaster, a transparent coffee-scoop memf ber carried by the roaster, and a percolator conduit between the water container and the roster communicating with the interior of the roaster.y

7. In coffee roasting and making apparatus,

a water container, a horizontal combined supev porting member and heater for the container, a motor carried by the supporting member, a cover for the container, said cover having a transparent member therein, a door forming part of the cover, a cylindrical mesh container for raw ground coffee removably carried by the cover adjacent the door, an electric heater within the f coffee container, a commutator for the heater, rmeans operatively connecting the motor to the commutator, heater, and coffee container for rotransparent member to the interior of the coffee container for conducting boiling water, passing A .upwardly through said pipe, into the coffee container and thereby percolating the coffee in said coffee container.

8. A normally upright combined coffee roasting and brewing apparatus comprising a Water container in the lower portion thereof adapted to be heated to boil the water therein, a rec'eptacle for green ground coffee within said apparatus located above said water container and out of contact with the Water in said container, means for supplying heat to the green ground coffee over an extended area thereof, and means for passing water after it has been heated to coffee extraction temperature from said container through said coffee receptacle to eifect a coffee beverage, a cover for said apparatus, means associated with said cover for controlling said heat supplying means.l

9. A normally upright combined domestic coffee roasting and brewing apparatus, comprising a Water container having a pouring spout open to atmosphere and adapted to be heated to boil the water therein, a receptacle for green ground coffee associated therewith and out of contact with said water, said container and said receptacle being in relatively fixed position with respect to each other and with respect to said apparatus as a whole, means for supplying heat to the green ground coffee over an extended area thereof, and means for passing Water after it has been heated to a coffee extraction temperature from said container and through said coffee receptacle to effect a coffee beverage, a cover for said apparatus, means associated with said cover for controlling said heat supplying means, said control means being actuable to effect cessation of heat supply lwhen said cover-is open and effecting supply of heat when said cover is closed.

GUsTAvE L. Kav'DEN. 

